CONCRETE CIVIL

Large strain energy released during an earthquake travels as seismic waves in all directions through the Earth s layers, reflecting and refracting at each interface.   Seismic Waves Large strain ...

oints in structures have been assumed to behave as either pinned or rigid to render design calculations manageable. In simple design the joints are idealised as perfect pins. Continuous design assumes ...

Curtain wall system comprises one of the elements of facade technology in high rise building. Facades involves window wall, cladding elements and curtain walls which generates the exterior envelope of ...